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Asian Spine J > Volume 19(5); 2025 > Article
Fujita, Takahashi, and Aizawa: Response to the letter to the editor: Proposal of a new indicator of hip compensation for spinopelvic–hip mismatch: a retrospective study in Japan
Dear Editor,
We sincerely appreciate the interest and constructive comments regarding our article [1]. As noted in the limitations section, we recognize that the generalizability of our study population is limited and that several potential confounding factors, such as muscle strength and joint mobility, were not included. We also fully understand the importance of conducting a power analysis and external validation. In this respect, we strongly agree with the suggestion that multicenter prospective studies involving broader populations, with clearly defined criteria and rigorous statistical validity, are warranted.
It is evident that the knee and ankle interact with spinal alignment; however, adding parameters inevitably increases the complexity of predictive models. For example, Hasegawa et al. [2] reported a highly accurate formula for predicting ideal lumbar lordosis (R=0.9701, p<0.0001) that incorporated cervical, knee, and ankle parameters. Yet, because of its complexity, the authors themselves concluded that the formula was not practical for application in patients with spinal deformity. We also agree that posterior pelvic shift caused by knee flexion is an important compensatory mechanism; however, as shown by Diebo et al. [3], such mechanisms are secondary and appear only after thoracic and hip compensation have reached their limits. Therefore, from the perspective of rehabilitation and therapeutic intervention, the primary targets should be the thoracic spine (paraspinal muscles) and the hip (gluteal extensors), and the clinical utility of incorporating knee and ankle parameters into predictive models may be limited. Similarly, incorporating factors such as body mass index, muscle strength, and joint mobility should be carefully considered in the context of constructing simple and clinically practical models.
Regarding the statistical issues raised, effect sizes and confidence intervals were omitted with reference to prior studies, and we believe this does not compromise the reliability of our results. Measurement reproducibility was rigorously assessed, with intra- and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients values ranging from 0.83 to 0.99, indicating almost perfect agreement. Thus, even though some statistical details were not presented, we consider our findings to be robust and trustworthy.
As noted at the outset, we ultimately believe that large-scale prospective studies will be necessary to establish the clinical utility of pelvic femoral angle (PFA)–(pelvic incidence [PI]–lumbar lordosis [LL]) more definitively. In addition, in our future research, we aim to develop a new predictive model incorporating thoracic kyphosis in addition to PFA–(PI–LL), supported by power analysis and external validation, while also applying more robust statistical methods to address the issue of multiple comparisons.

Notes

Conflict of Interest

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Author Contributions

All the work for the preparation of this letter was done by all authors.

References

1. Fujita R, Takahashi K, Hashimoto K, et al. Proposal of a new indicator of hip compensation for spinopelvic-hip mismatch: a retrospective study in Japan. Asian Spine J 2025 Aug 11 [Epub]. https://doi.org/10.31616/asj.2024.0475
crossref
2. Hasegawa K, Okamoto M, Hatsushikano S, Shimoda H, Ono M, Watanabe K. Normative values of spino-pelvic sagittal alignment, balance, age, and health-related quality of life in a cohort of healthy adult subjects. Eur Spine J 2016;25:3675–86.
crossref pmid pdf
3. Diebo BG, Ferrero E, Lafage R, et al. Recruitment of compensatory mechanisms in sagittal spinal malalignment is age and regional deformity dependent: a full-standing axis analysis of key radiographical parameters. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2015;40:642–9.
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