2. Haanpaa M, Attal N, Backonja M, et al. NeuPSIG guidelines on neuropathic pain assessment. Pain 2011;152:14–27.
3. Khosravi MB, Azemati S, Sahmeddini MA. Gabapentin versus naproxen in the management of failed back surgery syndrome; a randomized controlled trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg 2014;65:31–7.
5. Wernicke JF, Pritchett YL, D’Souza DN, et al. A randomized controlled trial of duloxetine in diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Neurology 2006;67:1411–20.
6. Arnold LM, Rosen A, Pritchett YL, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of duloxetine in the treatment of women with fibromyalgia with or without major depressive disorder. Pain 2005;119:5–15.
8. Enomoto H, Fujikoshi S, Tsuji T, Sasaki N, Tokuoka H, Uchio Y. Efficacy of duloxetine by prior NSAID use in the treatment of chronic osteoarthritis knee pain: a post hoc subgroup analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study in Japan. J Orthop Sci 2018;23:1019–26.
10. Bedin A, Caldart Bedin RA, Vieira JE, Ashmawi HA. Duloxetine as an analgesic reduces opioid consumption after spine surgery: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Clin J Pain 2017;33:865–9.
11. Prabhala T, Sabourin S, DiMarzio M, Gillogly M, Prusik J, Pilitsis JG. Duloxetine improves spinal cord stimulation outcomes for chronic pain. Neuromodulation 2019;22:215–8.
13. Treede RD, Jensen TS, Campbell JN, et al. Neuropathic pain: redefinition and a grading system for clinical and research purposes. Neurology 2008;70:1630–5.
15. Farrar JT, Young JP Jr, LaMoreaux L, Werth JL, Poole RM. Clinical importance of changes in chronic pain intensity measured on an 11-point numerical pain rating scale. Pain 2001;94:149–58.
16. Serlin RC, Mendoza TR, Nakamura Y, Edwards KR, Cleeland CS. When is cancer pain mild, moderate or severe?: grading pain severity by its interference with function. Pain 1995;61:277–84.
17. Dworkin RH, Turk DC, Wyrwich KW, et al. Interpreting the clinical importance of treatment outcomes in chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations. J Pain 2008;9:105–21.
20. Yu L, Ran B, Li M, Shi Z. Gabapentin and pregabalin in the management of postoperative pain after lumbar spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2013;38:1947–52.
21. Khurana G, Jindal P, Sharma JP, Bansal KK. Postoperative pain and long-term functional outcome after administration of gabapentin and pregabalin in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2014;39:E363–8.
23. De Oliveira Filho GR, Kammer RS, Dos Santos HC. Duloxetine for the treatment acute postoperative pain in adult patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth 2020;63:109785.
24. Hyer L, Scott C, Mullen CM, McKenzie LC, Robinson JS. Randomized double-blind placebo trial of duloxetine in perioperative spine patients. J Opioid Manag 2015;11:147–55.
26. Yarnitsky D, Granot M, Nahman-Averbuch H, Khamaisi M, Granovsky Y. Conditioned pain modulation predicts duloxetine efficacy in painful diabetic neuropathy. Pain 2012;153:1193–8.
28. Ito S, Suto T, Saito S, Obata H. Repeated administration of duloxetine suppresses neuropathic pain by accumulating effects of noradrenaline in the spinal cord. Anesth Analg 2018;126:298–307.
29. Overley SC, Kim JS, Gogel BA, Merrill RK, Hecht AC. Tandem spinal stenosis: a systematic review. JBJS Rev 2017;5:e2.
30. Schmid AB, Coppieters MW. The double crush syndrome revisited: a Delphi study to reveal current expert views on mechanisms underlying dual nerve disorders. Man Ther 2011;16:557–62.